Up until the Renaissance, technological navigation stayed rather primitive, but this didn't hold back some civilisations from becoming sea powers. The Byzantine navy and the Vikings are a couple of examples. The design of ships started to change towards the end of the 14th century with ships such as the carrack using towers on the bow and stern. This hampered the ships stability and by the 15th century, the caravel had been designed by the Portuguese.
Mr. Richard Ashburner died, aged 85, on the 24th February at Newlyn, Croslands Park, Barrow. He leaves a widow and three sons, one being a captain in the mercantile marine, and another a Church of England clergyman.